市场资讯及洞察

4月8日宣布的停火以及围绕45天休战的平行讨论并未解决霍尔木兹海峡的混乱问题。目前,他们已经限制了最坏的情况,但油轮运输量仍处于正常水平的一小部分,伊朗对过境费的需求预示着结构性转变,而不是暂时的转变。
最初的地区冲突已成为全球能源冲击,市场面临的问题不再是霍尔木兹是否受到干扰,而是这种混乱对石油的最低定价产生了多大的永久性影响。
关键要点
- 每天约有2000万桶(桶)的石油和石油产品通常通过伊朗和阿曼之间的霍尔木兹海峡,相当于全球石油消费量的约五分之一,约占全球海运石油贸易的30%。
- 这是流量冲击,不是库存问题。石油市场依赖于持续的吞吐量,而不是静态存储。
- 如果中断持续超过几周,布伦特原油可能会从短期飙升转向更广泛的价格冲击,存在滞胀风险。
- 穿越海峡的油轮运输量从每天约135艘下降到中断高峰期的不到15艘船只,减少了约85%,超过150艘船只停泊、改道或延误。
- 4月8日宣布了为期两周的停火,为期45天的休战谈判正在进行之中。伊朗已分别表示要求对使用该海峡的船只收取过境费,如果正式确定,这将是能源成本的永久地缘政治最低标准。
- 市场已经开始从增长和技术敞口转向能源和国防企业,这反映了人们的观点,即石油价格上涨正在成为结构性成本,而不是暂时的风险溢价。
世界上最关键的石油阻塞点
霍尔木兹海峡每天处理大约2000万桶石油和石油产品,相当于全球石油消费量的20%和全球海运石油贸易的30%左右。由于全球石油需求接近1.04亿桶/日,且剩余产能有限,在最近的升级之前,市场已经处于紧密平衡状态。
该海峡也是液化天然气的重要走廊。2024年,平均每天约有2.9亿立方米的液化天然气通过该路线,约占全球液化天然气贸易的20%,亚洲市场是主要目的地。
国际能源署(IEA)将霍尔木兹描述为世界上最重要的石油运输阻塞点,并指出,即使是部分中断也可能引发价格的大幅波动。布伦特原油已跌破每桶100美元,这既反映了物质紧张,也反映了地缘政治风险溢价的上升。

由于流量减慢,油轮处于空转状态
现在,航运和保险数据实时显示压力。据报道,超过85艘大型原油运输船滞留在波斯湾,而由于运营商重新评估安全和保险,有150多艘船舶停泊、改道或延误。据估计,这将使1.2亿至1.5亿桶原油在海上闲置。
这些量仅代表霍尔木兹正常吞吐量的六到七天,或略高于一天的全球石油消费。
最新的航运和保险数据现在证实,有150多艘船只停泊、改道或延误,高于最初报告的85艘船只。闲置原油的1.3天全球消费保障仍然是约束性制约因素:这是流量冲击,不是储存问题,停火尚未转化为产量的实质性恢复。
建立在流量而不是存储基础上的市场
石油市场在持续波动中运作。炼油厂、石化厂和全球供应链经过调整,可以沿着可预测的海道稳定交付。当流经占全球石油消耗量约五分之一和全球海运石油贸易约30%的阻塞点时,该系统可以在几天之内从平衡变为赤字。
剩余产能主要集中在欧佩克内,估计仅为每天300万至500万桶。这远低于霍尔木兹水流受到严重干扰时面临的风险交易量。
通货膨胀风险和宏观溢出效应
石油冲击的通货膨胀影响通常以波浪形式出现。随着汽油、柴油和电力成本的上涨,燃料和能源价格的上涨可能会迅速提振总体通货膨胀。
随着时间的推移,更高的能源成本可能会流向货运、食品、制造业和服务业。如果混乱持续下去,通货膨胀率上升和增长放缓相结合,可能会增加滞胀环境的风险,使中央银行面临艰难的权衡。
不容易抵消,系统几乎没有松弛
当前局势之所以特别严重,是因为全球体系缺乏松弛。
当处理近2,000万桶/日(约占全球石油消耗量的五分之一)的阻塞点受到损害时,将近1.03亿至1.04亿桶的全球供需几乎没有备用缓冲。估计每天300万至500万桶的剩余产能,主要在欧佩克内部,只能覆盖风险产量的一小部分。
替代路线,包括绕过霍尔木兹的管道和改道运输,只能部分抵消流量的损失,而且通常成本更高,交货时间更长。
底线
在霍尔木兹海峡的过境恢复并被视为可靠安全之前,全球石油流动可能继续受损,风险溢价上升。对于投资者、政策制定者和企业决策者来说,核心问题是石油能否每天不间断地转移到需要去的地方。


Gold has seen a resurgence in the past few weeks on the back of inflationary pressure and geopolitical tensions in Ukraine and Russia. Prior to the conflict, the price of Gold was hovering around $1,800 USD per ounce. After pushing through $2000 USD per ounce the price is now moving closer to its all-time high at $2070.
The rise in other commodities such as Oil, Gas, and Coal has also added to the rise in the price of Gold as concerns of inflation are increased, the interest in Gold usually follows. An interesting comparison can be made with regards to the increasing price of Oil. Whilst both commodities can be used as hedges against the market, Gold provides a more stable option whilst Oil is the more volatile option.
Both have seen strong rises due to the conflict and whilst Oil’s has been more meteoric, Gold has been steadier, as can be seen in the chart below. Gold has also performed extremely well against Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies during the volatility that has been caused by the conflict. There was potential for Bitcoin and Cryptocurrency to provide a hedge against the market, however Bitcoin has been outperformed by Gold at this point.
Gold vs BTC vs Oil An interesting quandary to the Gold rise is the geopolitical element. For instance, Russia’s central bank purchased more Gold in 2021 than all other central banks, except for those in India and the United Arab Emirates. This means that there may be a shortfall in supply.
Technical Analysis The long-term chart has shown a long period of consolidation ultimately forming a symmetrical triangle pattern from which the price has broken out. It saw a big rise during the beginning of the pandemic and reached a maximum price of $2075 USD per ounce. When the price broke out of the triangle, initially an increase in relative volume occurred.
In addition, the retracement of the breakout was short-lived, and buying pushed the price up relatively easily. Another symmetrical triangle formed on the four-hour chart on the breakout of the breakout. Once again there was a strong increase in volume for the intimal move before it began the price began to contract again.
These continual price contractions and triangles forming may indicate that supply is being soaked up and that buying demand is present. On the four-hour time frame, it can be observed that the short sharp periods of consolidation have continued to be formed. Importantly, the consolidations have been relatively short, with in a tight range and broken with a high level of volume.
If volatility continues to be prominent and Inflation remains a threat, Gold will likely remain relevant. It will be interesting to see what happens with the price, if it is able to push through the all-time high price of $2075 per ounce.

For the last 2 years, Gold has been bouncing in a range between $1700 and $2070 and is currently testing the major support level around $1700 as seen below. The price has used the yellow highlighted as an area for support zone and a rejection zone. Over the last 2 years clear rejections have occurred every time the price has reached around $1700’s.
These candlestick rejections indicate a high probability of something similar potentially happening. We find further confluence of this analysis by looking at the weekly time frame, where Gold has broken above the trend line, and has now come back to retest it. This can often result in a bounce off the trendline, creating the start of a new uptrend.
If Gold continues to remain above the trendline and can hold the monthly support, it may indicate that it is in the early stages of a potential reversal. This may lead to another move toward the $2000’s.

The first quarter of 2020 was marred by unpredicted events that rattled the financial markets: Tensions between US and Iran; The extreme weather conditions across the globe as a result of climate change; The novel coronavirus; and An oil price war between Saudi Arabia, the oil kingdom, and Russia. A Trio of Crises Faced by an unprecedented health crisis that caused an abrupt slowdown of activities, forced by governments and an oil crisis derived from a simultaneous demand and supply shock, the world is currently bracing for an economic recession. The markets tumbled like dominoes hit by various headwinds at once.
The freefall in the markets has forced central bankers and governments to implement various stimulus packages, emergency rate cuts and engage in significant bond-buying. Confidence has taken a massive hit as the world faces unprecedented quarantines measures! Volatility Index (VIX) A look at the CBOE Volatility Index shows how investors are reacting to the impact of the coronavirus on markets and the economy.
Also known as Wall Street’s fear gauge, the index is a real-time market index that represents the market expectation of 30-day forward-looking volatility. The Index, on average, has been around the 20 levels but increased to decades high at 82.69 on the 16 th of March 2020. The sharp rise is the reflection of fears and anxieties prevailing in the financial markets.
Source: Bloomberg Stock Market Busts and Circuit Breakers Circuit breakers were first introduced in the 1980s to curb panic selling. For the US exchanges, the S&P500 is used as the pricing reference to measure a market decline and there are currently three levels to the circuit breakers: Level 1 (7%) Trading will halt for 15 minutes if the drop occurs before 3:25 p.m. At or after 3:25 p.m.—trading shall continue unless there is a Level 3 halt.
Level 2 (13%) Trading will halt for 15 minutes if the drop occurs before 3:25 p.m. At or after 3:25 p.m.—trading shall continue unless there is a Level 3 halt. Level 3 (20%) At any time during the trading day—trading shall halt for the remainder of the trading day.
There were four circuit breakers in one month which is a record number ever since circuit breakers were first introduced! The novel coronavirus has created such uncertainty around the globe, which has caused plunges in global equities. Despite the VIX easing to 65.54, further wild swings seem certain in the next couple of weeks.
Source: Bloomberg Rescue Packages In such plunging markets, the focus has been on the rescue packages. Some world leaders were complacent at the beginning, however, we are now seeing highly coordinated intervention measures flooding the markets in an attempt to cushion the effect of the COVID-19 on the global economy. Central banks issued emergency rate cuts as well as other policy tools like quantitative easing (QE).
Major countries like Australia and New Zealand were forced to join the QE wagon to support their respective economies. Governments issued various massive stimulus packages to relieve consumers and businesses from the coronavirus fallout. The US stands out with a $2 trillion stimulus package, the biggest in history.
The rescue packages have not necessarily addressed the full extent of the economic pain which yet to be seen in the coming months, but have provided some relief to wounded economies. Stock Market – A Degree of Calm In the first quarter of 2020, it is evident that the 11-year bull run in the stock markets was over. Major equity indices dropped in bear market territory in what was the worst week since the global financial crisis.
Source: Bloomberg The stock market went on a roller coaster ride as investors pulled out of riskier assets. The degree of calm is driven by various interventions in the financial markets. But, the worst of the virus is not yet over and it may not yet be a lasting rebound.
It could well be a dead cat bounce. Notwithstanding, there are not enough signs to predict whether the stock market has found a floor or is yet to find a bottom. There are too many uncertainties to start pricing-in a recovery.
FX – The King Dollar? The currency market is on the same wild run as other markets. The immediate attention falls on the King dollar.
In the early stage of the outbreak, the US seemed relatively unfaed by the virus and the greenback gathered strength as a safe-haven compared to the rest of the world. As panic gripped markets, dollar funding pressures drove the US dollar index to a 3-year high above the 102 level. Source: Bloomberg Even though the greenback has somewhat retreated as policymakers stepped in to enhance flows, the US dollar index remains in elevated levels just below 100.
A significantly bigger stimulus package compared to its peers are fuelling hopes that the US economy would probably recover faster than other major economies. Gold – The Safe Haven The price movement of the precious metal also depicts the turmoil in the markets. At the start of the year, the US dollar and Gold were moving in tandem due to the prevailing uncertainties.
QE, low-interest rates, trade frictions, geopolitical tensions, global debt and growth uncertainties, gold hoarding by central banks have driven the gold price to a high of $1,680.47. Gold was liquidated due to the wider and rapid spread of the coronavirus across the globe. The precious metal is viewed as a highly liquid asset and investors were in a need of cash due to margin calls and other liquidity requirements.
The greenback and the US dollar have therefore started to diverge from each other. COVID-19-induced liquidity issues caused the yellow metal to plunge to a low of $1,471.24. Source: Bloomberg Once investors were reassured that central bankers are injecting money into the financial system, investors resumed the buying of gold as a safe-haven.
At the same time, gold is facing disruptions in the physical markets due to the shutdown of gold refineries leading to a shortage of gold. A combination of positive fundamentals, weaker US dollar and rescue packages lifted the XAUUSD pair back above the psychological level of $1,600. Source: Bloomberg The economic backdrop is creating a bullish environment for the precious metal.
Amid high volatility, Gold traders are likely going to keep monitoring any updates on the virus, liquidity in the financial markets, and the strength of the US dollar for fresh trading impetus. Volatility Means Opportunities Human lives and the global economy are at risk. The coronavirus has heavily impacted the way the world operates.
Even though the worst of the health crisis is not over yet, and many countries are bracing for another brutal quarter ahead, the health crisis will ease and end at some point. It is not all gloomy in the investment space despite the sharpest falls in history. The panic-driven volatility might present investment opportunities.
Investors will likely be in search of bargains by buying at rock-bottom prices once the number of coronavirus cases starts to slow down. An oil storage problem, higher storage costs, faltering demand and a significant rise in production are creating a perfect storm for the oil market.


The Euro has fallen to 20-year lows as it deals with increasing energy prices and increased bond yields as recession fears rise again. Across both the UK and Europe inflation has been especially high even compared other countries such as Australia and the USA and in response, the EUR has taken a large hit. The recent spike in energy prices has brought back fears into the market that inflation has not yet peaked and will continue to rise.
Two potential opportunities are on the EURCAD and the EURUSD. Firstly, on the EURCAD the price is sitting just above its long term supports and its lowest levels since 2015. With seemingly no fundamental reason for the price to bounce in the short to medium term, it is possible the price sells through the 1.30 CAD level and falls further to the 1.21/1.20 level.
The 50-week moving average is almost in a free fall as the currency continues to sell. In addition, the RSI, whilst in oversold territory, is forming a descending triangle. This indicates that sellers may be gearing up again to begin another move down below the 30 RSI level.
Whilst the EUR continues to be smashed there is always the potential that the market will see value and see a rally in the pair. Therefore, it is important to have risk management tools in place such as a stop loss. A stop loss could be set above 1.32 which would represent a potential risk reward of almost 2.5:1.
The EURUSD is following is showing an even more aggressive sell off. The EUR has fallen to 20-year lows vs the USD. The worrying sign is that the price has faced very little resistance since it began diving in January 2022.
Every long-term support has been sold through with without much of a pullback. With the 1.00 USD level expected to be a tougher level to sell through, short opportunities still exist. The next level of support is around 0.95/0.96 USD which is the next logical target for a short entry.
However, once it reaches this level, it may prove very difficult to fall lower as it would me mean breaching 50 year low prices.


Dicker Data is an Australian-owned and operated, ASX-listed technology hardware, software and cloud distributor. They were founded in 1978. As a distributor, they sell exclusively to a valued partner base of over 5,500 resellers.
Dicker Data distributes a wide portfolio of products from the world’s leading technology vendors. Dicker Data have successfully navigated the end of governmental business stimulus and the impact of a global semiconductor chip shortage to post a net profit of $73.6 million, which is an increase of 29%. Sales figures increased 24% to $2.48 billion for the 2021 calendar year.
Dicker Data declared a final dividend of 15 cents (USD), 100% flanked, on total earnings of 42.6 cents per share. FY21 Results Highlights The company believes that shortages are a part of the computer business and have always planned around it. They identify the software sector to be its highest growth opportunity as dynamic workplaces, which allow employees to work from home, are currently in high demand.
They also identify that there will be a strong demand for audio-visual equipment, such as large format displays for meeting rooms, as workplaces welcome back employees to the offices. The company’s debt over the period has almost doubled to $230.2 million after they have announced debt funded deals to acquire its rival IT distributor, Exceed, for $68 million. They have also recently acquired Hills Ltd’s Security and Information Technology business for $20 million last month.
The company also has their sights on another acquisition in the future, they have been in talks with a few bankers to help finance a potential acquisition of a rival US-based IT distributor, Ingram Micro. Ingram Micro was sold to US private equity group Platinum Equity for $7.2 billion (USD) in July 2021. Prior to this, HNA Group acquired the business for around $6 billion (USD) in 2016.
Co-founder David Dicker stated that his company would have acquired Ingram Micro for $7 billion (USD) if they had been able to raise the capital. Dicker Data share value is slowly trending up since February’s acquisition. However, due to the Russia and Ukraine conflict, the ASX 200 index is currently dropping in value and this can trickle down to companies such as Dicker Data.
Overall, Dicker Data is currently in a growth state and is looking to acquire companies that would help increase the company’s value and offerings to its many clients. They aim to use debt to fund the acquisitions and then issue shares to pay down the debt once the acquisition is successful. The acquisitions have helped the company achieve a profitable year as evident in the earnings report.
With the acquisition target of Ingram Micro, this can be an exciting opportunity to track the progress from start to finish. If you would like to take this opportunity to invest in Dicker Data and don’t already have a trading account, you can register for a Shares account at GO Markets. Sources: ASX, TradingView, AFR.


A sudden rapid increase in commodity prices, propelled by supply concerns stemming from the Russia and Ukraine conflict, has brought about inflationary pressure and moved future inflation expectation. The increase has also pushed indices into a bear market and caused some volatility in global equities. Nickel, European gas and wheat have all hit record highs on Monday.
Copper, Brent crude oil, aluminium and thermal coal are currently sitting at their highest levels in years. The commodities rally has stirred up fears that inflationary pressures will persist as the price increase works its way through the supply chain and slows down economic growth. The Australian 10-year break-even rate is sitting at 2.48%, its highest level since 2014.
The US 10-year break-even rate increased to 2.86% on Tuesday, its highest level since 2005. The German 10-year break-even rate hit a record high of 2.62%. Break-even rates represent the difference between a nominal bond and an inflation-linked bond of the same maturity, implying the average rate of inflation over a given period of time.
The spike in these rates suggests that the bond market is expecting inflation to be far more persistent than central banks and strategists have been expecting. The fear of Russian energy sanctions has led to heavy selling in the global equity markets. The US Dow Jones, Nasdaq, Euro Stoxx 50 and Germany DAX index have slipped into bear markets as shown from the chart above.
The EU50 and DAX are currently down 20% since their peaks in mid-January. The spike in break-even rates comes after the surge in the price of energy as Brent crude has reached a high of $136 USD a barrel on Monday. This rapid increase in the cost of energy, namely the Brent Oil, is currently making its way through to our local petrol pumps.
As the national average petrol price has climbed to 1.839 per litre. Other commodity prices are also beginning to break into new territory and are likely to drive up the cost of goods further down the supply chain. Nickel recently hit a record high of over $60,000 USD a tonne, as supply risks sparked a short squeeze.
About 7 per cent of the world’s nickel is produced in Russia, with the metal being used to produce stainless steel. It is also a major component of lithium-ion batteries, which are used in electric vehicles. The steady surge in commodity prices and their associated inflation risk has created a dilemma for central banks across the world.
Central banks are trying to manage inflation without curbing growth. All in all, commodity prices are currently on the rise as the conflict between Russia and Ukraine continues. Their prices are now on most investors’ watchlists, as it can affect other markets such as Forex and Indices.
If you would like to take this opportunity to invest and do not yet have a trading account, you can open a GO Markets CFD trading account. Source: GO Markets MT5, TradingView, Globalpetrolprices, AFR
