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RBA的Kent：有合理迹象表明国内和全球中性利率正在上升
澳大利亚储备银行（RBA）助理行长克里斯·肯特 周一表示，有合理迹象表明，中性利率在国内和全球范围内都在上升，并补充称，在高度不确定性下，很难准确判断中性利率。
要点引述
有合理迹象表明，中性利率在国内和全球范围内都在上升。
在高度不确定性下，很难准确判断中性利率。
市场反应
截至发稿时，澳元/美元货币对上涨0.28%，报0.6965附近。
澳元常见问题（FAQ）
影响澳元(AUD)的最重要因素之一是澳大利亚储备银行(RBA)设定的利率水平。由于澳大利亚是一个资源丰富的国家，另一个关键驱动因素是其最大出口产品铁矿石的价格。作为其最大的贸易伙伴，中国经济的健康状况，以及澳大利亚的通货膨胀、经济增长率和贸易平衡都是一个因素。市场情绪也是一个因素，即投资者是在买入高风险资产(风险偏好)还是在寻求避险(风险偏好)，风险偏好对澳元有利。
澳大利亚储备银行(RBA)通过设定澳大利亚各银行相互拆借的利率水平来影响澳元(AUD)。这影响了整个经济的利率水平。澳大利亚央行的主要目标是通过上调或下调利率来维持2-3%的稳定通胀率。与其他主要央行相比，相对较高的利率支持澳元，而相对较低的利率则支持澳元。澳大利亚央行还可以使用量化宽松和紧缩政策来影响信贷状况，前者对澳元不利，后者对澳元有利。
中国是澳大利亚最大的贸易伙伴，因此中国经济的健康状况对澳元(AUD)的价值有重大影响。当中国经济表现良好时，它会从澳大利亚购买更多的原材料、商品和服务，从而提振对澳元的需求，推高澳元的价值。当中国经济增长速度不如预期时，情况正好相反。因此，中国经济增长数据的正面或负面惊喜通常会对澳元及其货币对产生直接影响。
铁矿石是澳大利亚最大的出口产品，根据2021年的数据，每年的出口额为1180亿美元，中国是其主要出口目的地。因此，铁矿石价格可以成为澳元的驱动因素。一般来说，如果铁矿石价格上涨，澳元也会上涨，因为对澳元的总需求会增加。如果铁矿石价格下跌，情况则正好相反。较高的铁矿石价格也往往导致澳大利亚更有可能出现贸易顺差，这对澳元也是有利的。
贸易帐，即一个国家出口收入与进口收入之间的差额，是影响澳元价值的另一个因素。如果澳大利亚生产受欢迎的出口产品，那么它的货币将纯粹从寻求购买其出口产品的外国买家创造的剩余需求中获得价值，而不是购买进口产品的支出。因此，净贸易余额为正会增强澳元，如果贸易余额为负则会产生相反的效果。
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