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4月8日宣布的停火以及围绕45天休战的平行讨论并未解决霍尔木兹海峡的混乱问题。目前,他们已经限制了最坏的情况,但油轮运输量仍处于正常水平的一小部分,伊朗对过境费的需求预示着结构性转变,而不是暂时的转变。
最初的地区冲突已成为全球能源冲击,市场面临的问题不再是霍尔木兹是否受到干扰,而是这种混乱对石油的最低定价产生了多大的永久性影响。
关键要点
- 每天约有2000万桶(桶)的石油和石油产品通常通过伊朗和阿曼之间的霍尔木兹海峡,相当于全球石油消费量的约五分之一,约占全球海运石油贸易的30%。
- 这是流量冲击,不是库存问题。石油市场依赖于持续的吞吐量,而不是静态存储。
- 如果中断持续超过几周,布伦特原油可能会从短期飙升转向更广泛的价格冲击,存在滞胀风险。
- 穿越海峡的油轮运输量从每天约135艘下降到中断高峰期的不到15艘船只,减少了约85%,超过150艘船只停泊、改道或延误。
- 4月8日宣布了为期两周的停火,为期45天的休战谈判正在进行之中。伊朗已分别表示要求对使用该海峡的船只收取过境费,如果正式确定,这将是能源成本的永久地缘政治最低标准。
- 市场已经开始从增长和技术敞口转向能源和国防企业,这反映了人们的观点,即石油价格上涨正在成为结构性成本,而不是暂时的风险溢价。
世界上最关键的石油阻塞点
霍尔木兹海峡每天处理大约2000万桶石油和石油产品,相当于全球石油消费量的20%和全球海运石油贸易的30%左右。由于全球石油需求接近1.04亿桶/日,且剩余产能有限,在最近的升级之前,市场已经处于紧密平衡状态。
该海峡也是液化天然气的重要走廊。2024年,平均每天约有2.9亿立方米的液化天然气通过该路线,约占全球液化天然气贸易的20%,亚洲市场是主要目的地。
国际能源署(IEA)将霍尔木兹描述为世界上最重要的石油运输阻塞点,并指出,即使是部分中断也可能引发价格的大幅波动。布伦特原油已跌破每桶100美元,这既反映了物质紧张,也反映了地缘政治风险溢价的上升。

由于流量减慢,油轮处于空转状态
现在,航运和保险数据实时显示压力。据报道,超过85艘大型原油运输船滞留在波斯湾,而由于运营商重新评估安全和保险,有150多艘船舶停泊、改道或延误。据估计,这将使1.2亿至1.5亿桶原油在海上闲置。
这些量仅代表霍尔木兹正常吞吐量的六到七天,或略高于一天的全球石油消费。
最新的航运和保险数据现在证实,有150多艘船只停泊、改道或延误,高于最初报告的85艘船只。闲置原油的1.3天全球消费保障仍然是约束性制约因素:这是流量冲击,不是储存问题,停火尚未转化为产量的实质性恢复。
建立在流量而不是存储基础上的市场
石油市场在持续波动中运作。炼油厂、石化厂和全球供应链经过调整,可以沿着可预测的海道稳定交付。当流经占全球石油消耗量约五分之一和全球海运石油贸易约30%的阻塞点时,该系统可以在几天之内从平衡变为赤字。
剩余产能主要集中在欧佩克内,估计仅为每天300万至500万桶。这远低于霍尔木兹水流受到严重干扰时面临的风险交易量。
通货膨胀风险和宏观溢出效应
石油冲击的通货膨胀影响通常以波浪形式出现。随着汽油、柴油和电力成本的上涨,燃料和能源价格的上涨可能会迅速提振总体通货膨胀。
随着时间的推移,更高的能源成本可能会流向货运、食品、制造业和服务业。如果混乱持续下去,通货膨胀率上升和增长放缓相结合,可能会增加滞胀环境的风险,使中央银行面临艰难的权衡。
不容易抵消,系统几乎没有松弛
当前局势之所以特别严重,是因为全球体系缺乏松弛。
当处理近2,000万桶/日(约占全球石油消耗量的五分之一)的阻塞点受到损害时,将近1.03亿至1.04亿桶的全球供需几乎没有备用缓冲。估计每天300万至500万桶的剩余产能,主要在欧佩克内部,只能覆盖风险产量的一小部分。
替代路线,包括绕过霍尔木兹的管道和改道运输,只能部分抵消流量的损失,而且通常成本更高,交货时间更长。
底线
在霍尔木兹海峡的过境恢复并被视为可靠安全之前,全球石油流动可能继续受损,风险溢价上升。对于投资者、政策制定者和企业决策者来说,核心问题是石油能否每天不间断地转移到需要去的地方。

XAUUSD Analysis 5 – 9 June 2023 The overall outlook for gold prices is bearish in the short term. As there was a loss of buying momentum after testing the resistance area 2070, forming a Triple Top pattern on the Weekly timeframe, then there was a strong sell momentum, causing the price to fall below the price line. 1960s price line which used to be the old high when viewed from the Daily and Weekly timeframes, but nevertheless, the price is still moving in an uptrend for the medium term as the highs and lows have been established. Up when observed from the Daily time frame.
There are also no lower highs and lower lows, although the triple top pattern on the weekly timeframe suggests that the price of gold may reverse to a downward trend in the medium term. Therefore, the gold price forecast In the short term, the price may retrace to test the 1915 support area, which is where the price is expected to test before rebounding. There is still strong selling momentum from last Friday's NFP (Nonfarm Payrolls) report, giving the price a chance to move further down.
And if the price can stand on the support 1915 without falling further. Price may have a sideways correction before rallying to test the 1960 resistance again on the Daily timeframe. But if the price has a sharp drop with continuous selling momentum, it can break out the 1915 support level further down, the next important support that should be closely monitored and there is a chance that the price will fall Go to test before rebounding back up, that is 1880, which is a support level at the Daily time frame.
GBPUSD Analysis 5 – 9 June 2023 GBPUSD is bullish in the medium term after rallying to test the 1.26660 resistance to successfully form a new high on the daily timeframe before showing strong selling momentum on the Daily and Weekly timeframes. As a result, the price has continued to fall for three weeks in a row. Before breaking through the important price line that the price used to form a Double Top on the daily time frame at 1.24470, moved above the support level of 1.22700, and last week the price had strong buying momentum, resulting in an increase.
Revisiting the 1.24470 price line, which is an important level at the daily timeframe level. Forecasting that price This week the price may continue to rise. There is a high probability that the price will rise to test the resistance area that the price previously created a new high at the daily time frame level of 1.26660 again, as the price continues to move in an uptrend pattern.
Because higher Highs and Lows are made. But if the selling momentum continues to sell continuously and is very strong This will result in the price being able to break out around the 1.24470 price line and go further down to test the next support, 1.22700, which is an important support at the Daily timeframe level. EURUSD Analysis 5 – 9 June 2023 EURUSD is bullish in the medium term after rallying to test the 1.11000 resistance zone, which was the last high on the daily timeframe, but failed to make a new high and the price has strong selling momentum.
It appears clearly when looking at the closing of the sell pressure candlestick on the weekly time frame for the past four weeks. And the previous week closed in a Doji candle, indicating the market's hesitancy to continue falling or bouncing back. forecasting that price This week, the pair may face a short-term sideways trend with a high probability of a correction at the 1.07450 support area before a rebound to test the 1.11000 resistance. Again, as the price continues to move in an uptrend pattern, higher lows have been formed, although the high has yet to rise beyond the 1.11000 price line.
But if the selling momentum continues to sell continuously and is very strong This will result in the price being able to break out at the 1.07450 support level and continue down to test the next support, 1.05250, which is an important support at the daily timeframe level that should be watched.

XAUUSD Analysis 29 May – 02 June 2023 Forecasting the price of gold in the short term, the price may move down to test the 1915 support area, which is the area where the price is expected to bounce back. and if the price can stand without falling further Price may have a sideways correction before rallying to test the 1960 resistance again on the Daily timeframe. But if the price has a sharp drop with continuous selling momentum, it can break out the 1915 support level further down, the next important support that should be closely monitored and there is a chance that the price will be good Rebound, that is 1880, which is the support level at the Daily time frame. However, most investors keep an eye on the Non-Farm Payrolls (Nonfarm Payrolls) report and the unemployment rate report. (Unemployment Rate) on Friday, June 2, this coming.
This will directly affect the direction of gold prices. GBPUSD Analysis 29 May – 02 June 2023 GBPUSD is bearish in the short term after rallying to test the 1.26660 resistance to successfully form a new high on the daily timeframe before showing strong selling momentum on the Daily and Weekly timeframes. As a result, the price continued to fall for three weeks in a row before breaking through the key price that previously formed a double top on the daily timeframe 1.24470, moving above 1.22700 support.
Forecasting that price This week, the price may move slightly further. There is a high probability that the price will drop to test the support area of 1.22700 before a correction sideways. To bounce back up to retest the important price line 1.24470 as the price continues to move in an uptrend pattern.
But if the selling momentum continues to sell continuously and is very strong As a result, the price can break out at the support level of 1.22700 and go down further to test the next support, 1.18080, which is an important support level on the Daily time frame. However, most investors keep an eye on the Non-Farm Payrolls (Nonfarm Payrolls) report and the unemployment rate report. (Unemployment Rate) on Friday, June 2, this coming. This will have a direct effect on the GBPUSD price direction.
EURUSD Analysis 29 May – 02 June 2023 EURUSD has a short-term bearish view after rallying to test the 1.11000 resistance zone, which was the last high on the daily timeframe, but failed to make a new high and the price has strong selling momentum. It appears clearly when looking at the closing of the sell pressure candle on the weekly timeframe for the past three weeks. Forecasting that price This week, the pair may face a sideways trend with a high probability of a correction at the 1.07450 support area before a rebound to retest the 1.11000 resistance as the price continues to move in an uptrend pattern.
But if the selling momentum continues to sell continuously and is very strong This will result in the price being able to break out at the 1.07450 support area and go further down to test the next support, 1.05250, which is an important support at the daily timeframe level. However, most investors keep an eye on the Non-Farm Payrolls (Nonfarm Payrolls) report and the unemployment rate report. (Unemployment Rate) on Friday, June 2, this coming. This will have a direct effect on the EURUSD price direction.

XAUUSD Analysis 22 – 26 May 2023 The gold price outlook is generally positive in the medium term. Although the close of last week's sell pressure bar indicates a significant loss of buying momentum, due to the sell-off during the week but the price is still moving above the 1960 support. After the adjustment has come down to test, the adjustment has ejected up.
There is a very high probability that the price will continue to move or sideways above the 1960 support and there is a possibility of further rally to test the 2000 resistance which is a key resistance on the Weekly timeframe level. forecasting the price of gold in the short term, the price may move back down to test the 1960 support and if it manages to hold on without further deflection, there may be a sideways correction before rising to test the resistance. 2000 again in the medium term on the daily timeframe level, but if the price has a sharp decline with continuous selling momentum, it can break out the 1960 support level and continue down to the next important support at Should be closely monitored is 1880, which is a support level on the daily timeframe. GBPUSD Analysis 22 – 26 May 2023 GBPUSD is bearish after rallying to test the 1.26660 resistance to successfully form a new high on the Daily timeframe, before strong selling momentum emerges on the Daily and Weekly timeframes. Currently, the price has dropped to support 1.24470, which is an important level to watch.
Because the former price used to form a Double Top pattern on the daily timeframe level. forecasting that price This week, the price may have sideways at the 1.24470 area before plunging further. There is a high probability that the price will test the support area of 1.22700 before a correction. But if the selling momentum continues to sell continuously and is very strong This will result in the price being able to break out at the 1.22700 support area and go further down to test the next support, 1.18080, which is an important support at the Daily timeframe level.
GBPUSD Analysis 22 – 26 May 2023 GBPUSD is bearish after rallying to test the 1.26660 resistance to successfully form a new high on the Daily timeframe, before strong selling momentum emerges on the Daily and Weekly timeframes. Currently, the price has dropped to support 1.24470, which is an important level to watch. Because the former price used to form a Double Top pattern on the daily timeframe level. forecasting that price This week, the price may have sideways at the 1.24470 area before plunging further.
There is a high probability that the price will test the support area of 1.22700 before a correction. But if the selling momentum continues to sell continuously and is very strong This will result in the price being able to break out at the 1.22700 support area and go further down to test the next support, 1.18080, which is an important support at the Daily timeframe level.

XAUUSD Analysis 8 – 12 May 2023 The gold price outlook is generally positive in the medium term. Although the close of last week's sell pressure bar indicates a significant loss of buying momentum, due to the sell-off during the week but the price is still moving above the 2000 support level after a rebound to test and then rebound. It is very likely that the price will continue to move or sideways above the 2000 support and there is a chance to rise further to test the 2070 resistance which is a key resistance on the timeframe level.
Weekly and is the price that gold used to do the most in history. Forecasting the price of gold In the short term, the price may move down to test the 2000 support again and if it can hold on without falling further, it may have a sideways correction before rising to test the resistance. 2070 again in the medium term on the daily timeframe level, but if the price moves sharply down with continuous selling momentum, it can break out the 2000 support level and continue down to the next important support at 2070. Should be closely monitored is 1960, which is a support level on the daily timeframe.
GBPUSD Analysis 15 – 19 May 2023 GBPUSD is bearish after rallying to test the 1.26660 resistance to successfully form a new high on the Daily timeframe, before strong selling momentum emerges on the Daily and Weekly timeframes. Currently, the price has dropped to support 1.24470, which is an important level to watch. Because the former price used to form a Double Top pattern on the daily timeframe level. forecasting that price This week, the price may have sideways at the 1.24470 area before plunging further.
There is a high probability that the price will test the support area of 1.22700 before a correction. But if the selling momentum continues to sell continuously and is very strong This will result in the price being able to break out at the 1.22700 support area and go further down to test the next support, 1.18080, which is an important support at the Daily timeframe level. EURUSD Analysis 15 – 19 May 2023 EURUSD has a bearish view after rallying to test the 1.11000 resistance zone, which was the last high on the daily timeframe level, but failed to make a new high and strong selling momentum is evident.
Looking at the close of the candlestick, selling pressure on the Weekly time frame last week indicates a strong sell-off in the market. forecasting that price This week the price will continue to decline. There is a high probability that the price will rebound to test the support area of 1.07450 before a correction. But if the selling momentum continues to sell continuously and is very strong This will result in the price being able to break out at the 1.07450 support area and go further down to test the next support, 1.05250, which is an important support at the daily timeframe level.

Australian’s weak inflation report this week has set the tone for the RBA’s Rate Statement next Tuesday. The underlying inflation reading remains well below the RBA’s target 2-3% for the 11th consecutive quarter. There is no doubt that the Australian inflationary outlook remains feeble.
Some cyclical and structural headwinds are preventing wages and other inflationary pressures to climb higher. Even though the economy is on its 27 th year without a recession, the Australian economy is trapped with very high household debt. A subdued wage growth and high household debt are putting a squeeze on consumer spending.
It is hard to see consumer spending continue to stay strong in the upcoming quarters. There are some bright spots such as net exports, public spending and capital expenditure that are relatively solid to stimulate the economy but there are no signs of significant inflationary pressures from leading indicators across categories in the near-term for the RBA to increase interest rate. “Patience is the key here.” Unemployment rate is coming down gradually and will eventually push wages higher at some point. Therefore, even though the CPI figures were disappointing, it is too early to speculate about a rate cut or any changes for that matter.
The RBA was expecting both headline and underlying inflation to undershoot under their target range. We therefore expect the RBA to maintain its usual stance on inflationary outlook and keep interest rate on hold.

Deteriorating demand and rising global output are the main factors that sent the WTI Crude into a bear market territory. There is a shift of sentiment in the oil markets. The US sanctions have been the primary influence behind the rally in oil prices, and now that fears have eased, fundamentals took over, and economic forces- demand and supply are driving the markets.
Supply Side The US sanctions have created fears that oil supply will take a hit and will likely drop by 30% by next year. There was also resistance from OPEC members to increase the output ceiling and boost production. These downside factors have put upward pressure on oil prices.
In the last couple of weeks, sentiment soured as US crude oil reaches a new all-time high at 11.63 million bpd and is predicted to break through 12 million barrels per day by mid-2019. The US sanctions on Iran will be therefore unlikely to have a significant impact on supply. The US decision to offer Oil Waivers to different nations also came as a surprise mitigating the effect of the Iran sanctions on the global oil supply and accelerating the slide in oil prices.
It appears that the waivers were put in place to avoid a shock in the market and higher prices. Demand Side The concerns over global economic growth are forcing traders to reduce their projections for oil demand. Trade tensions are flashing warnings that could dent the world’s oil demand growth.
A slowdown in global economic growth, consumer spending, investment flows and a rising US dollar are leading to mounting uncertainties around the demand for oil. The demand shock is boiling over slowly, and the effect will likely be felt over time. It is too soon to know how the OPEC will react to the supply glut.
Meanwhile, we will have to wait for the OPEC and its allies to discuss scenarios of cutting production again next year. This article is written by a GO Markets Analyst and is based on their independent analysis. They remain fully responsible for the views expressed as well as any remaining error or omissions.
Trading Forex and Derivatives carries a high level of risk. More information on trading WTI and Brent crude oil here.
